Fractional-supply steam and gas turbine.



PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

7 J. W. 0. BLLING. FRAOTIONAL SUPPLY STEAM AND GASTURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 21, 1904.

FRACTlONAL -SUPPLY STEAM AND GAS TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 22, 1906.

Application filed April 21, 1904:. Serial N t). 204.242-

Io all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J ENS WILLIAM OeImUs ELLING, a subject of the King of Sweden and Norway, and a resident of the city of Christiania, in Norway, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fractional-Supply Steam and Gas Turbines, (for which I have filed application in Norway, No. 17,483, dated March 18, 1904,) of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in fractional-supply gas and steam turbines, said improvements consisting in the arrangement of one or more guide-passages before the ordinary supply-passages in the guide apparatus, said guide-passages being so formed as to provide a so-called acceleration-supply, the object of which is to successively accelerate the dead mass of gas or steam in the buckets of the wheel to acquire the relative velocity of the gas or steam issuing from the ordinary guide-passageathe particular object being to avoid any loss by impact. The problem is solved theoretically by making the angles of the foremost guidepassages (the acceleration supply) commence with. a value like m'Z'and increase successively to the value of the angles of the ordinary supply-passages, and in case the latter are divergent such divergence is also reduced or abolished, or, in other words, the ratio between the cross-section of the acceleration-supply passages and the corresponding peripheral lengths commences with a small value (as small as ossible) and approaches successively the va ue of the ratio of the ordinary supply-passages to their corresponding peripheral lengths.

In the practical construction of the machine I am naturally limited as regards the number of acceleration-supply passages, and according to the circumstances I am limited tb one, two, three, or more such passages.

For the explanation of the practical execution of this invention the same is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, showing it as applied on two typical kinds of fractionalsupply turbines.

Figure 1 represents a sectional view of a portion of the guide apparatus and of the bucket-rim of the wheel of a type of turbines having parallel nozzles (gi1ide*passages)as, for instance, in the turbine constructed by Itateau. Fig. 2 represents a similar view of another type of turbines having divergent guidepassages-as, for instance, those constructed by De Laval, Curtis, Stumpf, and others.

As shown in Fig. 1, a indicates the ordinary supply-passages, and b the wheel-buckets. a, a, and a designate the acceleration-supply passage. It is evident from the drawings that the angles of these latter passages from being very small at a successively, as regards the passages a and approach the value of the angles of the ordinary supplypassages.

In Fig. 2, c designates the ordinary guidepassages, and d the wheel-buckets, and c and c are the acceleration-supply passages. It will also here easily be seen that the first supply-passage c" has a very small angle, while the angle of the passage 0 has a value lying about midway between the value of c and that of the ordinary guid e-passages.

Instead of indicating the characteristic of the acceleration-supply passages by the value of the angles it may also be indicated by the ratios between the cross-sections, of the acceleration-supply passages and the corresponding peripheral lengths, thus it 'y w if, and so on :r:g

The operation of this invention will be readily understood from the drawings. The steam which is admitted through the auxiliary )assages will enter the buckets at such an ang e that the dead steam in said buckets will be gradually set in motion before the bucket reaches the main supply-inlets.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In steam or gas turbines with fractional supply, the combination with the ordinary guide-passages, of one or more passages having a smaller discharge area, and a smaller discharge-angle than the ordinary guide-passages, substantially as described.

2. The combination with steam or gas turbine guide-passages, of one or more auxiliary passages having smaller discharge areas per length of periphery and smaller dischargeangles than said first-named or ordinary passages, the arrangement being such that the supply admitted from said auxiliary passages will drive out or start in motion the dead gas in the wheel-buckets before the main supply is admitted to said buckets.

3. In fractional-supply steam and gas turbines, the combinatlon with the ordinary supply-passages, of auxiliary accelerationsupply passages arranged in front of the orsupply-passages, of auxiliary passages oommencing with a Very small angle of outlet and approaching gradually the value of the angles of outlet of the ordinary supply-passages, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JENS WILLIAM OGIDIUS ELLING:

Witnesses:

J. SALVESEUF N. G. TAUDBERG. 

